The Nineteen-Sixties-Industry and Technology


A. Employment Structure

---During the sixties the total manpower employed in the agricultural sector reached the saturation point and the growth of agricultural employment slackened. On the other hand, the large-scale development of labor-intensive industries created abundant employment opportunities. While only 36.7% of the workforce was employed in agriculture in 1970, industries and services had grown to 27.9% and 35.4% of the workforce respectively.

B. Major Industries and Products; Key Technologies

---Light industry (labor-intensive) was primary, heavy/petrochemical industry (capital-intensive) secondary.

---Export-oriented industries were developed: foodstuffs (canned pineapple, mushrooms, asparagus), plywood, small appliances, electronic components, glass, plastic products, bicycles, garments.

---Heavy/petrochemical industries: synthetic fibers, plastic feedstocks, steel, machinery, motor vehicles, shipbuilding.

---Industrial output increased by an average of 16.4% annually throughout the sixties.

---Agriculture: subtropical fruits, eels, grass carp, silver carp, black mullet, grass shrimp, speckled shrimp.

C. Power Generation

---Thermally-generated power was of primary importance.

D. Major Transportation Projects

---Kuanghua, Kuankuang, and Chukuang express trains ran on the Taipei-Kaohsiung section of Taiwan's railway system.

---The MacArthur Freeway from Taipei to Keelung and the Northern Cross-Island Highway were completed and opened to traffic.

---A container port was constructed at Kaohsiung Harbor and Hualien Harbor was made an international port.

---The Yunghsiang 35,000-ton freighter and Youchao 100,000-ton tanker were launched in 1970.

---The China Airlines Corporation initiated flights to the United States and on many other international routes in 1970.

---Chinlung air conditioned buses began service on the main north-south highway.

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