JIJI PRESS, LTD
In 1973 (Showa 48), the Fourth Middle East War breaks out between Israel and the Arab nations. The Arab oil-producing nations belonging to OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) impose restrictions on the production and supply of oil, as well as price increases. The effect is a stunning blow to Japanese power and other industries that depend on the supply of oil. Restrictions on energy consumption are imposed, as non-essential lighting and neon signs are turned off and NHK television halts broadcasting for two hours in the afternoon. A rumor that toilet paper supplies will run out sends people scurrying to hoard all they can find.